Climate Change and Vector-Borne Diseases on Kastellorizo Island
A recent study conducted as part of the IDAlert project has shed light on the impacts of climate change on vector-borne diseases, focusing on mosquito populations on the remote Greek island of Kastellorizo. This research provides valuable insights into the challenges of mosquito surveillance and control in isolated communities, particularly in the context of changing climate patterns and increased global connectivity.
Key Findings
Mosquito Species Presence
The study confirmed the presence of several mosquito species on Kastellorizo, including:
Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito)
Aedes cretinus
Culex pipiens
The detection of Aedes albopictus is particularly noteworthy, as this invasive species can transmit diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus. Its presence on Kastellorizo underscores the potential for climate change to alter mosquito distributions and increase the risk of vector-borne diseases in previously unaffected areas.
Finally, the recent introduction of Aedes aegypti in Cyprus highlights the need for comprehensive entomological surveillance not only on the Kastellorizo island, but also in the surrounding remote areas.
Community Awareness and Preparedness
Researchers conducted a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) survey among island residents, revealing:
High levels of mosquito nuisance reported by residents
Limited knowledge about mosquito ecology and breeding habits
Significant willingness to invest in mosquito protection measures
The survey highlighted the need for increased public education about mosquito-related health risks and effective control strategies. Notably, respondents ranked the numbers of mosquitoes on the island at a mean of 3.32 (on a scale of 0 to 4), indicating a significant presence.
Innovative Surveillance Methods
The research team employed a multi-faceted approach to mosquito surveillance, including:
Oviposition traps
BG-Sentinel traps
Human landingcollections
These methods provided comprehensive knowledge on mosquito populations, and human exposure risks. The use of multiple collection techniques allowed for a more thorough understanding of the mosquito species present and their behavior patterns.